In late December 2014, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory detected a substantial coronal hole near the Sun’s south pole. Coronal holes are regions where the Sun’s magnetic field opens into space, allowing solar wind to escape at high velocities. This particular hole resulted in solar winds streaming out at speeds up to 500 miles per second (approximately 800 kilometers per second). Such high-speed solar winds can interact with Earth’s magnetosphere, potentially causing geomagnetic storms that may disrupt satellite communications and power grids.

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